Introduction To Computers
Completion requirements
Definition of a computer
A computer is an electronic device which is capable of receiving the inputs (data from the user), storing it for a
desired period of time, manipulating it according to the set of instructions (called program) and producing the
output to the user in desired form. It performs a variety of operations in accordance to the set of instructions.
Also, Computer is an electronic because it contain some electronic component such as resistor, transistor,
capacitor and integrated circuits.
Your "computer" is a programmable electronic collection of devices that function as a unit which can store,
retrieve and process data. This collection includes a System Unit, a Keyboard, a Monitor and a Mouse.
1. Introduction to Computers
1.1. History of Computer
What is the history of computers?
• In 1937, Dr. John V. Atanasoff and his assistant Clifford Berry designed and began to build the first electronic
digital computer during the winterof 1937-38.
• During the years 1943 to 1946, Dr. John W. Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert, Jr. completed the ENIAC
(Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer), the first large-scale electronic digital computer. It weighed 30
tons, contained 18,000 vacuum tubes, and occupied a 30’ x 50’ space.
• In 1953, the IBM model 650 was one of the first widely used computer systems. Athens-Clarke County
Library Page 6 Instructor: Karen Douglas
• In 1958, computers built with transistors marked the beginning of the second generation of computer
hardware.
• In 1969, Dr. Ted Hoff of Intel Corporation developed a microprocessor, or micro-programmable computer
chip, the Intel 4004. In 1969, under pressure from the industry, IBM announced that some of its software
would be priced separately from the computer hardware. This “unbundling” allowed software firms to emerge
in the industry
• In 1976, Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs built the first Apple computer.
• In 1980, IBM offered Microsoft Corporation’s founder, Bill Gates, the opportunity to develop the operating
system for the soon-to-be announced IBM personal computer. With the development of MS-Dos, Microsoft
achieved tremendous growth and success.